Ailanthus altissima

Ailanthus altissima

We have these spindly, ungainly bare shrubs outside the window; now that they’re starting to bud, I’m pretty sure they are Ailanthus altissima, commonly known as tree of heaven.

This is not good news. Originally from China, tree of heaven is considered one of the worst invasive plant species in Europe and North America. Its evil reputation has been compounded by its role in the life cycle of the also destructive and invasive spotted lanternfly. It is alleopathic (suppressing the growth of other plants), and is very difficult to eradicate, as it readily sprouts from both seeds and root fragments.

The 1943 novel A Tree Grows in Brooklyn by Betty Smith uses the tree of heaven as an analogy for the ability to thrive in a difficult environment. She writes:

There’s a tree that grows in Brooklyn. Some people call it the Tree of Heaven. No matter where its seed falls, it makes a tree which struggles to reach the sky. It grows in boarded up lots and out of neglected rubbish heaps. It grows up out of cellar gratings. It is the only tree that grows out of cement. It grows lushly…survives without sun, water, and seemingly earth. It would be considered beautiful except that there are too many of it.

If that’s what we’ve got here, I can declare: not happy, Jan!

Cotoneaster pannosus

Cotoneaster pannosus

Growing up in Canberra, Australia, we had a row of cotoneasters along the back fence, so I immediately recognised the one in the garden here. Silverleaf Cotoneaster, originally introduced from China as an ornamental plant, features white flowers and red fruits. It has escaped cultivation and is now found in disturbed areas, particularly near residential zones, as well as in undisturbed coastal scrub, grasslands, and forests. Each plant can produce thousands of fruits annually, which are spread by birds, small mammals, water, and human activity. Its Cal-IPC (Invasive Plants Council) rating is Moderate.

The berries are toxic to domestic pets, including dogs and cats, and are not considered safe for human consumption. I’ve read that blackbirds, thrushes and waxwings enjoy the fruit, but I have not observed that for myself — must keep an eye out for birds in the bush!

mud wasps

muddaubers

We had a dinner disaster last night, when the old stove’s exhaust vent suddenly rained a flood of debris down into the skillet of beans and asparagus. Dinner went to the compost, and I remained grumpy for a while. But today I took the cover off the vent and banged the pipe to try to completely clear it. A lot of what emerged was mud wasp nests.

Mud daubers fill their nests with spiders to feed their larvae. Unlike some wasp species that fill a nest cell with one or two large spiders, mud daubers pack up to two dozen smaller spiders into each cell.

To capture a spider, the wasp grabs it and delivers a sting. The venom from the sting doesn’t kill the spider, but it paralyzes and preserves it, allowing it to be transported and stored in the nest cell for later consumption by the larvae. The mud dauber typically lays its egg on the prey before sealing the nest cell with a mud cap. Afterward, the wasp moves on to construct another cell or nest. The young larvae survive the winter inside the nest.

I’ve now sealed up the vent with foil (the exhaust fan is non-operational) so hopefully there’ll be no more dinner mishaps from that direction.